不同温度下TC21钛合金等离子表面渗Cr层的摩擦磨损性能

为提高TC21合金的摩擦磨损性能，采用双辉等离子冶金技术在TC21合金表面制备渗Cr改性层，利用扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscope,SEM),能谱仪(Energy dispersive spectromenter,EDS),显微硬度仪和划痕仪等研究了渗Cr层的组织形貌特征、硬度及结合强度，并 在20,300,500 ℃条件下使用摩擦磨损试验机对基体及渗Cr层的摩擦磨损性能进行对比、探究，并分析磨损机理。结果表明：渗Cr层厚度为30μm，均匀致密，与基体结合力至少能承受64 N的垂直载荷；改性层表面硬度超过1 000 HV0.1，约为基体的3倍；TC21合金渗Cr后，不同温度下的减摩性能和耐磨性能均得到提高。在室温下TC21基体磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和氧化磨损，而渗Cr层的磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损；500 ℃时基体粘着磨损和氧化磨损程度变得更加严重，渗Cr层磨损机理是剥层磨损和氧化磨损。      

一种悬挂物兼容飞机航电与武器总线的设计方法

在某悬挂物作为通用系统挂装不同型号飞机时,由于不同型号飞机对该悬挂物采用航电和武器两种不同的总线通信方式,导致该悬挂物不能兼容挂载多型飞机。本文针对现有的总线应用情况,提出了一种悬挂物可兼容飞机不同总线通信方式的设计方案,并给出了方案的具体实现方法。     

寒冷地区农村建筑围护结构热工性能优化及经济性研究

农村建筑热工性能较差,采暖季能耗居高不下。本文通过Dest软件建立模型,对寒冷地区农村建筑不同围护结构下能耗情况进行模拟,并建立P1-P2经济分析模型,以全生命周期费用最小或者净现值最大确定合理的外墙保温层厚度及窗户类型。     

时变支承刚度对分流传动系统振动特性的影响

基于集中质量法，考虑时变啮合刚度、综合传递误差和齿侧间隙等因素的影响，建立了圆柱齿轮分流传动系统的弯扭耦合动力学模型和方程。采用变步长Runge-Kutta法，对动力学方程进行了数值求解；通过引入滚动轴承的支承刚度计算模型，分析了时变支承刚度和非时变支承刚度对系统振动特性的影响。仿真结果表明：当按照时变支承刚度模型计算时，轴承的支承刚度会产生4%左右的波动，输出轴上的横向振动位移幅值增大了约5%；支承刚度的时变性使得系统的非线性增强，稳定性变差；支承刚度的时变特性对分扭级动载系数影响较大，对并车级动载系数影响较小。     

Effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of anodic oxide film on titanium alloy Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al

The effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of ano-dic oxide film on titanium alloy was investigated. The alloy substrates were anodized in different concentration solutions of sodium tartrate with the addition of PTFE emulsion and their morphol-ogy and characteristics were analyzed. The anodic oxide film presented a uniform petaloid drums and micro-cracks morphology. Additionally, micro-cracks dramatically swelled with the increase of the tartrate concentrations. The thickness of the anodic oxide film increased with the concentra-tions until the concentration reached 15 g/L. The results of Raman analysis illustrate that all sam-ples have similarity in the crystal structure, consisting of mainly amorphous TiO2, some anatase TiO2 and a small amount of rutile TiO2. And the ratios of anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2 increase with the concentrations until it reaches 15 g/L. Furthermore, the intensity of the peaks increases with enhanced concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L. The corrosion resistance of the anodic oxide film is increased by the sodium tartrate with higher concentrations before 15 g/L. The coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film reduces with the concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L, then the coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film increases with the concentrations.     

Al/Ni含能多层膜在Al2O3陶瓷/不锈钢焊接中的应用

采用磁控溅射设备,生长AuSn合金做焊料层、Al/Ni含能多层膜做热量提供层,实现了不锈钢和Al_2O_3间的异质材料自蔓延高温扩散焊。利用SEM、XRD和DSC等测试手段表征AuSn合金和Al/Ni含能多层膜的微观形貌、相成分和放热量;用万能试验机测试焊接接头的力学性能。结果表明,AuSn合金的质量比基本达到80∶20,而多层膜的层状结构清晰,反应热达到1 239 J/g。焊接实验结果表明,仅使用AuSn焊料时,剪切强度仅为46 MPa,在增加Al/Ni含能多层膜后,其剪切强度可达90 MPa,强度提高了约一倍。焊接接头的界面显微形貌和相结构研究表明,剪切强度的增强主要是Al/Ni多层膜提供了额外能量使得界面处的反应剧烈,陶瓷金属化层与中间层的反应加剧,形成了新的反应生成物。     

Early effects of low dose C ion or X-ray irradiation on human peripheral blood lymphocytes

The aim of this study was to estimate the acute effects of low dose ¹²C⁶⁺ ions or X-ray radiation on human immune function. The human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBL) of seven healthy donors were exposed to 0.05 Gy ¹²C⁶⁺ ions or X-ray radiation and cell responses were measured at 24 h after exposure. The cytotoxic activities of HPBL were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT); the percentages of T and NK cells subsets were detected by flow cytometry; mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ were examined by real time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR); and these cytokines protein levels in supernatant of cultured cells were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The results showed that the cytotoxic activity of HPBL, mRNA expression of IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α in HPBL and their protein levels in supernatant were significantly increased at 24 h after exposure to 0.05 Gy ¹²C⁶⁺ ions radiation and the effects were stronger than observed for X-ray exposure. However, there was no significant change in the percentage of T and NK cells subsets of HPBL. These results suggested that 0.05 Gy high linear energy transfer (LET) ¹²C⁶⁺ radiation was a more effective approach to host immune enhancement than that of low LET X-ray. We conclude that cytokines production might be used as sensitive indicators of acute response to LDI.     

磁-光/涡流成像技术的有限元分析

近年来迅速发展的磁－光成像（ＭＯＩ）技术使涡流检测技术得到了新的进展。本文运用磁－光／涡流成像的有限元模型对典型的飞机构件缺陷（如连接飞机表面两个铝层的紧固件下面的裂纹）进行模拟。模拟结果表明，其磁场垂直分量的变化对这种结构来说是相当灵敏的，采用ＭＯＩ技术可以用来探测隐藏在紧固件帽下面的缺陷。     

光学基片表面软质抛光胶体粒子的激光清洗

介绍了光学基片表面软质抛光胶体粒子激光清洗的基本方法、原理和实验装置,并通过对含有污染微粒的基片表面进行激光清洗,获得了高洁净表面的光学基片.